What process should be reviewed by an IS auditor to ensure that security patch installations do not lead to system crashes in the future?

The most relevant process an IS auditor should review to ensure that security patch installations do not lead to system crashes in the future is the client's change management process. An adequate change management process encompasses the planning, acquisition, testing, implementation, and evaluation of changes, such as security patches, to IT systems. This process is critical to prevent unintended disruptions.

When a robust change management framework is in place, it typically includes documentation of the changes being made, assessments of potential risks, proper testing protocols, and rollback plans in case of adverse effects from the patch installation. It ensures that changes are systematically evaluated, minimizing the likelihood of system crashes due to unforeseen interactions with existing applications or system components following the installation of patches.

While other options may contribute to a secure environment, they do not provide the comprehensive oversight and structured assessment that an effective change management process requires. For example, merely having systems administrators perform the patch process does not guarantee thorough oversight or risk assessment. Validating patches using parallel testing or setting up an approval process with a risk assessment are both important but are components of a broader change management strategy, not standalone solutions. Hence, evaluating and ensuring the adequacy of the change management process is crucial for mitigating risks associated with patch installations.